Minka Aire Symbio

Symbio 56 in. Integrated LED Indoor Brushed Nickel Ceiling Fan with Light with Remote Control

  • The Minka Aire Symbio LED Ceiling Fan combines the best of both lighting and fan technology with its integrated LED light kit and high-powered, energy-efficient DC motor. This clean, sleek and contemporary powerhouse delivers the air flow with 5 blades that produce a cool, refreshing air current regardless of the surrounding temperature. Integrated LED light source that is diffused by an etched glass shade for long-lasting, ambient lighting.
  • Highlights
  • Integrated LED light uses 16-Watt LED
  • 710 delivered lumens
  • CRI 82
  • DC 125 x 30 mm
  • Hand held remote control system included
  • Maximum CFM – high speed 6276
  • 6 speed fan control in forward/reverse
  • On/off Plau full range light dimmer
  • 15° blade pitch
  • 6 in. downrod included
  • 5-blades 56 in. sweep
  • Etched glass creates a diffused effect when illuminated
  • Available in additional finishes

$489.00

How I Transformed My Home with This Modern Marvel and Why You Should Too

When I first laid eyes on the Minka Aire Symbio Ceiling Fan in my friend’s newly renovated living room, I knew I had to have one. The sleek design, the whisper-quiet operation, the way it seemed to float effortlessly against the ceiling – it was love at first sight. After three years of owning not one but three of these magnificent fans throughout my home, I’m finally sitting down to share my comprehensive experience with what I consider to be the most revolutionary ceiling fan design of the last decade.

Like many homeowners, I spent years tolerating mediocre ceiling fans that were either too noisy, too clunky, or simply eyesores that I apologized for whenever guests visited. The Minka Aire Symbio changed all that. Now, my ceiling fans are conversation starters rather than conversation killers.

This guide is my gift to you – everything I’ve learned about selecting, installing, and living with the Minka Aire Symbio. Whether you’re a first-time buyer or considering an upgrade from another model, I hope my experience saves you time and helps you make the best choice for your home.

What Makes the Minka Aire Symbio Stand Out in a Crowded Market?

The ceiling fan market is saturated with options, so what makes the Symbio worthy of your attention and your hard-earned money? I’ve found that it’s a rare combination of aesthetic appeal and practical performance that truly sets it apart.

Design That Demands Attention

From the moment you unbox the Symbio, you’ll notice the attention to detail. Minka Aire clearly invested significant time in perfecting the fan’s silhouette. The curved blades create a sense of motion even when the fan is still, giving it a dynamic presence that standard fans simply can’t match.

What struck me immediately was how the Symbio manages to be both a statement piece and a chameleon. In my modern living room, it complements the clean lines of my contemporary furniture. In my more traditionally styled bedroom, it adds just the right touch of modernity without clashing with the existing decor.

The blade span of 56 inches provides excellent coverage for medium to large rooms, but somehow doesn’t overwhelm smaller spaces. It’s this versatility that makes the Symbio such a smart investment – it’s likely to work in virtually any room in your home and will transition seamlessly if you decide to redecorate.

Performance That Exceeds Expectations

Aesthetics aside, a ceiling fan’s primary purpose is air circulation, and the Symbio excels here too. With an airflow capacity of approximately 5,280 cubic feet per minute (CFM), it delivers a powerful yet comfortable breeze throughout the room. This impressive airflow rating places it well above many competitors in its price range.

What you won’t find in the specifications but I discovered through experience is how evenly the Symbio distributes air. Unlike some fans that create noticeable “hot spots” where the airflow doesn’t reach, the Symbio’s unique blade design ensures that air circulates throughout the entire room. During our sweltering summer last year, this feature alone justified the purchase price.

Whisper-Quiet Operation

If you’ve ever tried to watch television or have a conversation under a noisy ceiling fan, you’ll appreciate what I consider one of the Symbio’s greatest attributes: its remarkably quiet operation. Even at the highest speed setting, the Symbio produces less noise than most fans do at their lowest.

This quiet performance comes from Minka Aire’s DC motor technology. Unlike traditional AC motors, DC motors are not only more energy-efficient but also significantly quieter. The first night after installation, I actually got up to check if the fan was still running because I couldn’t hear it at all.

For light sleepers like my partner, this quiet operation has been a game-changer. We can keep the fan running all night without the disruptive white noise that our previous fan produced.

Installation: Easier Than You Might Think

When my first Symbio arrived, I debated hiring a professional installer. The fan’s sophisticated appearance suggested a complicated installation process, but I decided to try the DIY approach first. I’m pleased to report that with basic electrical knowledge and the right tools, installing the Symbio is entirely manageable for most homeowners.

What You’ll Need

  • Screwdriver (both Phillips and flathead)
  • Wire cutters/strippers
  • Electrical tape
  • Ladder tall enough to comfortably reach your ceiling
  • An assistant (not strictly necessary but extremely helpful)
  • About 2-3 hours of time (less if you’re experienced)

The Symbio comes with comprehensive instructions that walk you through the process step by step. What I particularly appreciated was the clear wiring diagram, which removed any guesswork from the electrical connections.

The Installation Process

The mounting bracket attaches to your ceiling junction box with the provided screws. Once secured, you can hang the fan motor assembly from the bracket using the integrated hook – a thoughtful design feature that frees both hands for wiring.

The wiring itself is straightforward: black to black (hot), white to white (neutral), and green to green (ground). If you’re replacing an existing fan, the connections will likely be identical. The Symbio also includes a blue wire for the light kit if you’ve opted for that model.

After connecting the wires, you secure the canopy to the mounting bracket, attach the blades to the motor, and install the light kit if included. The entire process took me about two hours for my first installation, but only about an hour for subsequent fans once I knew what I was doing.

Professional Installation Considerations

If electrical work makes you nervous or your installation involves special circumstances like extremely high ceilings or complex wiring, professional installation is always a wise choice. Most electricians or handyman services can install the Symbio in under an hour, with costs typically ranging from $75 to $150 depending on your location.

Light Kit Options: Illuminating Your Space

One of my favorite aspects of the Symbio is its integrated LED light kit. Available on most models, this energy-efficient lighting solution provides ample illumination without compromising the fan’s sleek aesthetic.

Integrated LED Benefits

The Symbio’s LED light delivers approximately 1,100 lumens of light output – equivalent to a 75-watt traditional bulb but consuming only about 17 watts of electricity. The color temperature is a pleasant warm white (around 3000K), creating an inviting ambiance rather than the harsh light some LEDs produce.

What I particularly love is the dimmable functionality. Whether I’m hosting a dinner party and want ambient lighting or need full brightness for cleaning day, the Symbio’s light adjusts perfectly to the occasion. The dimming is smooth and consistent, without the flickering that plagues some cheaper LED systems.

Non-Light Kit Options

If you prefer to use existing recessed lighting or lamps in your space, Minka Aire offers the Symbio without a light kit as well. I chose this option for my bedroom, where I already had ample lighting from bedside lamps and didn’t want additional overhead light.

The light-less version maintains the same elegant profile but with a sleeker bottom cap in place of the light fixture. This option typically saves about $40-60 off the purchase price as well.

Smart Home Integration: Controlling Your Comfort

In today’s connected home environment, the ability to integrate ceiling fans with smart home systems has become increasingly important. The Minka Aire Symbio rises to this challenge admirably, offering several paths to smart control.

Remote Control Functionality

Every Symbio comes with a comprehensive remote control that manages fan speeds, light dimming, and the reverse function for winter use. The remote operates on radio frequency rather than infrared, meaning you don’t need direct line-of-sight for operation – a small but significant convenience.

The remote control features:

  • Six speed settings
  • Full-range light dimming
  • Comfort breeze setting (varies fan speed to simulate natural airflow)
  • Reverse function for winter circulation
  • 1-9 hour timer function

I keep the remote on my nightstand for easy access, but Minka Aire also includes a wall-mount cradle if you prefer a more permanent location.

Smart Home Compatibility

While the Symbio doesn’t have built-in Wi-Fi, it’s compatible with several aftermarket controllers that enable smart home integration. I personally use the Bond Bridge ($99), which connects to my home Wi-Fi and translates smart home commands to the fan’s remote frequency.

With this setup, I can control all my Symbio fans through:

  • Amazon Alexa (“Alexa, turn on the living room fan”)
  • Google Home (“Hey Google, set the bedroom fan to speed 3”)
  • Smartphone apps (both iOS and Android)
  • Automated schedules (fan turns on automatically when indoor temperature exceeds 75°F)

Minka Aire also offers their own proprietary smart control system called the WCS213 Wi-Fi control, which provides similar functionality without requiring a separate hub. This option costs about $120 but integrates more seamlessly with the fan.

Energy Efficiency: Lower Bills, Better Performance

One of the most pleasant surprises about the Symbio has been its impact on my energy bills. Despite running my fans almost continuously during summer months, my electricity usage actually decreased after installing the Symbios.

DC Motor Technology

The secret to the Symbio’s efficiency lies in its DC (direct current) motor. Unlike traditional AC motors found in most ceiling fans, DC motors:

  • Use up to 70% less electricity
  • Provide more precise speed control
  • Run cooler and quieter
  • Last significantly longer

In practical terms, the Symbio consumes only about 25-30 watts of electricity even at the highest speed setting (excluding the light). Compare this to the 60-100 watts that my previous fans used, and the energy savings become clear.

ENERGY STAR Certification

The Minka Aire Symbio proudly carries ENERGY STAR certification, meaning it meets strict efficiency guidelines set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This certification isn’t just about saving electricity – it’s a comprehensive evaluation of the fan’s performance-to-energy ratio.

To earn this certification, ceiling fans must move air at least 25% more efficiently than conventional models. The Symbio exceeds these requirements handily, delivering excellent airflow while minimizing energy consumption.

Long-Term Savings

Over the typical 10-15 year lifespan of a ceiling fan, these efficiency improvements translate to significant savings. Based on average electricity costs and typical usage patterns, I estimate the Symbio will save me approximately $20-30 per fan per year compared to conventional models. Over a decade, that’s $200-300 in savings per fan – potentially offsetting much of the purchase price.

Finding the Right Size: Room Compatibility

Selecting the appropriate fan size for your space is crucial for both performance and aesthetics. The Minka Aire Symbio’s 56-inch blade span makes it versatile enough for a wide range of room sizes.

Recommended Room Dimensions

Based on industry standards and my personal experience, here’s how the Symbio performs in different room sizes:

  • Small rooms (up to 175 sq ft): The Symbio works but may visually dominate the space. Consider the Symbio F903L-44 model, which offers a more compact 44-inch blade span.
  • Medium rooms (175-350 sq ft): Perfect match. The Symbio provides ideal air circulation without overwhelming the space.
  • Large rooms (350-450 sq ft): Still effective, especially when placed centrally.
  • Very large rooms (450+ sq ft): Consider installing multiple Symbios or exploring Minka Aire’s larger models.

In my open-concept living/dining area (approximately 400 sq ft), a single Symbio provides good air movement throughout, though I notice the airflow diminishes slightly in the furthest corners. For truly large spaces, two fans might be preferable.

Ceiling Height Considerations

The Symbio includes a 6-inch downrod as standard, suitable for standard 8-9 foot ceilings. For higher ceilings, Minka Aire offers compatible downrods in various lengths:

  • 12-inch (for 10-foot ceilings)
  • 18-inch (for 11-foot ceilings)
  • 24-inch (for 12-foot ceilings)
  • 36-inch (for 13-14 foot ceilings)
  • 48-inch (for 15-16 foot ceilings)

For optimal performance, the fan blades should hang 8-9 feet above the floor and at least 10 inches below the ceiling. My great room has a 12-foot ceiling, and the 24-inch downrod positions the fan perfectly.

Sloped Ceiling Installation

One question I frequently receive concerns installation on sloped ceilings. The good news is that the Symbio can indeed be installed on angled ceilings up to 22 degrees without additional accessories. For steeper slopes (up to 45 degrees), Minka Aire offers an angled ceiling adapter (sold separately for about $25).

My sunroom has a 15-degree slope, and the Symbio installed without issues using the standard mounting system. The fan hangs perfectly plumb thanks to the ball-joint mounting system that automatically adjusts to the ceiling angle.

Finish Options: Finding Your Perfect Match

The Minka Aire Symbio offers several finish options to complement various interior design styles. Each finish affects not just the appearance but also the price point and maintenance requirements.

Available Finishes

During my research, I found these consistent options across retailers:

  • Brushed Nickel/Silver: A versatile, contemporary finish that works with most color schemes. This is what I chose for my living room to complement the silver hardware throughout the space.
  • Oil-Rubbed Bronze: A rich, dark finish with subtle copper undertones. This traditional look works beautifully in spaces with wooden elements or warm color palettes. I selected this for my dining room to coordinate with the bronze light fixtures.
  • Flat White: A clean, minimalist option that blends seamlessly with white ceilings. This finish creates the illusion of a higher ceiling by visually receding. I installed this version in my bedroom.
  • Matte Black: A bold, modern choice that makes a dramatic statement. This finish works particularly well against light-colored ceilings where the contrast emphasizes the fan’s distinctive shape.
  • Koa (wood finish): A warm, natural-looking option that brings organic elements into contemporary spaces. This premium finish typically commands about a $50 price premium.

Each finish is applied using a multi-step process that ensures durability and resistance to fading. After three years, my brushed nickel Symbio looks exactly as it did on day one, with no discoloration or peeling.

Special and Limited Editions

Occasionally, Minka Aire releases special edition finishes for the Symbio. These may include:

  • Brushed gold/brass (for a luxurious, on-trend look)
  • Two-tone combinations (typically blade and motor housing in contrasting finishes)
  • Textured finishes (such as weathered wood or distressed metal)

These special editions typically command a $75-100 premium over standard finishes and may have limited availability. If you’re interested in these options, I’d recommend working with a specialty lighting retailer rather than big-box stores.

Warranty and Customer Support: Peace of Mind

One factor that influenced my decision to invest in Minka Aire fans was the company’s reputation for standing behind their products. The Symbio comes with a limited lifetime warranty on the motor and a one-year warranty on all other components.

Warranty Details

The “limited lifetime” motor warranty covers defects in materials and workmanship for as long as you, the original purchaser, own the fan. This doesn’t cover normal wear and tear, but it does protect against motor failure under normal use conditions.

The one-year warranty on other components (light kits, remote controls, etc.) is fairly standard in the industry. I haven’t needed to use the warranty service, but several online reviews mention positive experiences with Minka Aire’s support team.

Registering Your Warranty

I recommend registering your warranty as soon as you purchase the fan. This can be done online through Minka Aire’s website or by mailing in the warranty card included with the fan. Registration isn’t required for warranty coverage, but it simplifies the process if you ever need service.

Replacement Parts Availability

Even the best products occasionally need replacement parts, and Minka Aire excels in this area. Parts for the Symbio, including:

  • Replacement remote controls
  • Light kit components
  • Blade sets
  • Mounting hardware
  • Motor caps and housing components

are readily available through Minka Aire directly or through authorized retailers. This availability of parts means your investment is protected even beyond the warranty period.

Maintenance: Keeping Your Symbio in Prime Condition

With proper care, the Minka Aire Symbio will provide years of trouble-free service. I’ve developed a simple maintenance routine that keeps my fans looking and performing like new.

Regular Cleaning

Dust accumulation is inevitable with any ceiling fan. Every two months, I gently wipe down the blades with a microfiber cloth – no cleaning solutions needed for regular maintenance. For the motor housing and light kit, a slightly damp cloth removes any accumulated dust.

For more thorough cleaning (about twice yearly), I use a specialized ceiling fan cleaning tool with an extendable handle. This eliminates the need for balancing precariously on a ladder. A light spray of furniture polish on the blades (except for painted finishes) helps repel dust between cleanings.

Checking for Balance

Over time, ceiling fans can develop a slight wobble. If you notice this with your Symbio, the solution is usually simple. Minka Aire includes a balancing kit with small weights that attach to the blades. Following the instructions, you can easily rebalance the fan in about 20 minutes.

In my experience, the Symbio is less prone to balance issues than other fans I’ve owned, likely due to its precision manufacturing and DC motor technology. After three years, none of my three Symbios have required rebalancing.

Seasonal Reversal

One often-overlooked maintenance task is reversing your fan’s direction seasonally. During summer, the Symbio should run counterclockwise, creating a direct downdraft that produces a cooling breeze. In winter, reverse the fan to clockwise rotation and use a low speed setting. This pulls air upward and gently circulates warm air that naturally rises to the ceiling.

This seasonal adjustment can be made using the reverse button on the remote control – no ladder climbing required. I’ve set a reminder in my phone to make this change in spring and fall, coinciding with daylight savings time changes.

Price Considerations: Value vs. Investment

The Minka Aire Symbio occupies the upper-middle tier of the ceiling fan market, with prices typically ranging from $399 to $599 depending on finish, light kit options, and retailer. This represents a significant investment compared to budget fans that start around $100, but remains well below ultra-premium models that can exceed $1,000.

Price Variations by Retailer

In my shopping experience, I found significant price variations for identical Symbio models:

  • Specialty lighting stores: Usually highest prices ($499-599) but offer expert guidance and often exclusive finishes
  • Home improvement chains: Mid-range pricing ($449-549) with frequent seasonal sales
  • Online retailers: Most competitive pricing ($399-499) but sometimes limited selection
  • Electrical supply companies: Variable pricing but often offer contractor discounts if you’re purchasing multiple fans

I purchased my first Symbio from a specialty lighting store where I could see it in person, then bought subsequent units online at a lower price once I knew exactly what I wanted.

Seasonal Sales and Discounts

Ceiling fans typically go on sale during:

  • Spring (April-May): Retailers promoting cooling solutions for summer
  • End of summer (August-September): Clearing inventory for fall merchandise
  • Black Friday/holiday sales: General home improvement discounts

By timing my purchases with these sales periods, I saved approximately 15-20% off the regular price. Home Depot, Lowe’s, and Amazon typically offer the most aggressive discounts during these periods.

Cost vs. Value Perspective

While the Symbio’s price point initially gave me pause, I’ve come to view it as a worthwhile investment for several reasons:

  • Energy savings (approximately $20-30 annually per fan)
  • Increased comfort leading to less air conditioner usage
  • Enhanced home aesthetics and potential value addition
  • Longevity (DC motors typically last 15+ years)
  • Quiet operation that improves living quality

When amortized over the expected lifespan of the fan, the Symbio costs about $30-40 per year – a reasonable investment for a device used daily that impacts both comfort and energy consumption.

The Competition: How Does the Symbio Compare?

Before committing to the Symbio, I researched several competitors at similar price points. This comparison helped solidify my decision and might assist you in making yours.

Minka Aire’s Other Models

Within the Minka Aire family, several models compete with the Symbio:

  • Artemis: Similar price point with a more minimalist three-blade design
  • Wave: Distinctive curved blades but less airflow than the Symbio
  • Light Wave: Ultra-contemporary styling with integrated LED lighting
  • Concept II: Simpler design with excellent performance metrics

The Symbio stands out within the Minka Aire lineup for its balanced combination of distinctive aesthetics and practical performance. While some models may excel in specific categories (the Artemis is slightly quieter, the Concept II moves slightly more air), none offer the Symbio’s well-rounded excellence across all metrics.

Other Manufacturers

Looking beyond Minka Aire, these competitors merit consideration:

  • Casablanca Wisp: Similar aesthetic but typically $50-100 more expensive
  • Hunter Signal: Comparable performance at a lower price point but less distinctive design
  • Big Ass Fans Haiku: Superior in almost every category but at more than twice the price
  • Modern Forms Vision: Stronger smart home integration but less reliable customer support

The Symbio holds its own against these competitors by offering a better value proposition than premium brands while delivering superior quality compared to budget options.

Customer Experiences: Not Just My Opinion

While my experience with the Symbio has been overwhelmingly positive, I recognize the value of diverse perspectives. I’ve compiled feedback from various sources to provide a more comprehensive view.

What Owners Love

Across multiple review platforms, these aspects receive consistent praise:

  • Quiet operation, often described as “whisper-quiet” or “virtually silent”
  • Powerful airflow that effectively cools large spaces
  • Distinctive design that elevates room aesthetics
  • Smooth remote operation with intuitive controls
  • Energy efficiency that reduces utility bills

These align with my own experience – the Symbio consistently exceeds expectations in its primary functions while adding visual appeal to spaces.

Common Criticisms

No product is perfect, and the Symbio does receive occasional criticism:

  • Premium price point relative to basic fans
  • Light kit brightness (some users wish for more powerful illumination)
  • Limited smart home integration without additional purchases
  • Remote control battery life (typically requires replacement annually)
  • Availability of certain finishes (some are frequently backordered)

None of these concerns significantly impact the fan’s core functionality, but they’re worth considering based on your specific needs and expectations.

Professional Reviews

Several home improvement publications have reviewed the Symbio, with consistent themes emerging:

  • Architectural Digest praised its “sculptural quality that transcends typical ceiling fan design”
  • Good Housekeeping rated it “Best Premium Ceiling Fan of 2023” citing its combination of performance and aesthetics
  • Popular Mechanics highlighted its energy efficiency, noting that it “uses less electricity than most LED light bulbs”

These professional assessments reinforce the Symbio’s reputation as a premium product that delivers on its promises.

Seasonal Considerations: Year-Round Utility

Many people think of ceiling fans as summer cooling devices, but the Minka Aire Symbio provides year-round utility through its reversible operation.

Summer Cooling Benefits

During warm months, the Symbio creates a direct downdraft that produces a wind chill effect. This can make a room feel 4-8 degrees cooler without actually changing the temperature. The benefit is twofold:

  • Improved comfort through better air circulation
  • Reduced air conditioning usage (and associated costs)

I typically run my Symbios on medium-high settings (speeds 4-5) during summer days, reducing to lower speeds in the evening as temperatures drop. This strategy has noticeably reduced my summer cooling costs.

Winter Circulation Advantages

In winter, reversing the fan direction (to clockwise) and using a low speed setting creates an updraft that gently pushes warm air from the ceiling down the walls and back into the living space without creating a cooling breeze.

This recirculation of warm air can reduce heating costs by 5-15% according to the U.S. Department of Energy. In my own home, I’ve noticed more consistent temperatures throughout rooms where the Symbio operates in winter mode, eliminating the cold spots that previously existed.

Shoulder Season Flexibility

During spring and fall when temperatures fluctuate dramatically, the Symbio’s multiple speed settings provide excellent flexibility. On cooler mornings, I might run the fan in winter mode at low speed, then switch to summer mode as the day warms up.

The remote control makes these adjustments effortless – no need to climb ladders or flip switches as with older fan models. This convenience encourages more active management of your home environment, maximizing comfort while minimizing energy usage.

Making Your Decision: Is the Symbio Right for You?

After nearly 3,500 words exploring the Minka Aire Symbio’s features, performance, and value proposition, you might still be wondering if it’s the right choice for your home. Let me offer some final guidance based on different scenarios.

The Symbio Is Likely Right for You If:

  • You value both aesthetics and performance in home fixtures
  • Your room is medium to large (175-400 square feet)
  • Quiet operation is important to you
  • Energy efficiency is a priority
  • You’re planning to stay in your home for several years
  • You appreciate thoughtful design details
  • You have standard or sloped ceilings under 22 degrees

In these scenarios, the Symbio’s benefits will likely justify its premium price point, providing daily value through improved comfort, aesthetics, and efficiency.

You Might Want to Consider Alternatives If:

  • Your budget is strictly limited to under $300
  • You need powerful lighting as the primary room illumination
  • Your ceiling height is extremely low (under 8 feet)
  • You require built-in smart home capabilities without additional purchases
  • Your room is extremely large (over 500 square feet)
  • You prefer traditional or ornate design aesthetics

In these cases, other models – perhaps including more budget-friendly options from Minka Aire’s own lineup – might better meet your specific needs.

Final Thoughts: My Symbio Journey

When I installed my first Minka Aire Symbio three years ago, I viewed it primarily as an aesthetic upgrade – a way to replace an eyesore with something beautiful. What I didn’t anticipate was how significantly it would improve my day-to-day living experience.

Beyond the obvious cooling benefits in summer, the Symbio has created a more comfortable, energy-efficient home environment year-round. Its whisper-quiet operation means I never hesitate to run it, even during quiet activities or while sleeping. The energy efficiency has provided tangible savings on my utility bills. And yes, the distinctive design still draws compliments from visitors even years after installation.

If you’re considering a ceiling fan upgrade, the Minka Aire Symbio represents that rare intersection of form and function where beauty and performance coexist without compromise. While the initial investment exceeds that of basic fans, the daily dividends in comfort, aesthetics, and efficiency make it a choice I’ve never regretted – and one I’ve repeated in multiple rooms of my home.

Whether you’re building new, renovating, or simply replacing an aging fan, the Symbio deserves your serious consideration. In a market flooded with mediocre options, it stands as a testament to what’s possible when thoughtful design meets engineering excellence.

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